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简介：英语四六级考试是教育部主管的一项全国性的英语考试，其目的是对大学生的实际英语能力进行客观、准确的测量，为大学英语教学提供测评服务。

英语经典美文 生命中不能承受之轻

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①If 1)eternal return is the heaviest of burdens

then our lives can stand out against it in all their splendid lightness. But

is heaviness truly 2)deplorable and lightness splendid? The heaviest of burdens crushes us. We sink beneath it. It pins us to the ground. The heaviest of burdens is

therefore

3)simultaneously an image of life’s most intense 4)fulfillment. The heavier the burden

the closer our lives e to the earth; the more real and truthful they bee.

5)Conversely

the absolute absence of a burden causes man to be lighter than air

to soar into the heights

take leave of the earth and his earthly being and bee only half real

his movements as free as they are 6)insignificant.

What then shall we choose; weight or lightness?

3I have been thinking about Tomas for many years. But only in the light of these reflections did I see him clearly. I saw him standing at the window of his 7)flat and looking across the courtyard at the opposite walls

not knowing what to do.

He had first met Tereza about three weeks earlier in a *** all Czech town. They had spent 8)scarcely an hour together. She had acpanied him to the station and waited with him until he boarded the train. Ten days later she paid him a visit. They made love the day she arrived. That night she came down with a fever and stayed a whole week in his flat with the flu. He had e to feel an 9)inexplicable love for this all but plete stranger. She seemed a child to him

a child someone had put in a 10)bulrush basket 11)docked with pitch and sent 12)downstream for Tomas to 13)fetch under the riverbank of his bed.

He knelt down next to her. Her feverous breath quickened and she gave out a weak 14)moan. He pressed his face to hers and whispered calming words into her sleep. And all at once he 15)fancied she had been with him for many years and was dying. He had a sudden clear feeling that he would not survive her death. He would lie down beside her and want to die with her. He pressed his face into the pillow beside her head and kept it there for a long time.

Now he was standing at the window trying to call that moment to account. What could it have been if not love declaring itself to him? But was it love? The feeling of wanting to die beside her was clearly 16)exaggerated; he had seen her only once before in his life. Was it simply the 17)hysteria of a man who

aware deep down of his 18)inaptitude for love

felt the self-deluding need to simulate it? His 19)unconscious was so 20)cowardly that the best partner he could choose for his little edy were this miserable 21)provincial waitress with practically no chance at all to enter his life.

He remained annoyed with himself until he realized that not knowing what he really wanted was actually quite natural. We can never know what to want because

living only one life

we can neither pare it with our previous lives nor perfect it in our lives to e.

There is no means of testing which decision is better because there is no basis for parison. We live everything as it es

without warning

like an actor going on cold. And what can life be worth if the first rehearsal for life is life itself?

②“Einmal ist keinmal”

says Tomas to himself. What happens but once

says the German 22)adage

might as well not have happened at all. If we have only one life to live

we might as well not have lived at all.

一 轻与重

2……

如果永劫回归是最沉重的负担，那么我们的生活就能以其全部辉煌的轻松，来与之抗衡。可是，沉重便真的悲惨，而轻松便真的辉煌吗？最沉重的负担压得我们崩塌了，沉没了，将我们钉在地上。由此，最沉重的负担同时也是一种生活最为充实的象征。负担越沉，我们的生活也就贴近大地，越趋近真切和实在。

相反，完全没有负担，人变得比大气还轻，会高高地飞起，离别大地亦即离别真实的生活。他将变得似真非真，运动自由而毫无意义。

那么我们将选择什么呢？沉重还是轻松？

3多少年来，我一直想着托马斯，似乎只有凭借回想的折光，我才能看清他这个人。我看见他站在公寓的窗台前不知所措，越过庭院的目光，落在对面的墙上。

他与特丽莎初识于三个星期前捷克的一个小镇上，两人呆在一起还不到一个钟头，她就陪他去了车站，一直等到他上火车。十天后她去看他，而且两人当天便 *** 。不料夜里她发起烧来，是流感，她在他的公寓里呆了一个星期。对于这个几乎是完全陌生的人，他慢慢地感到了一种莫名其妙的爱。对他来说，她像个孩子，被人放在树脂涂覆的草筐里顺水漂来，而他在牀榻之岸顺手捞起了她。

他跪在她的牀边，见她烧得呼吸急促，微微 *** 。他用脸贴在她的脸，轻声安慰她，直到她睡着。刹那间，他幻想着自己与她在一起已有漫漫岁月，而现在她正行将死去。他突然清楚地意识到自己不能挺过她死去的这一劫，他得躺在她身边，与她一同赴死。他挨着她的头，把脸埋在枕头里过了许久。

现在他站在窗前，极力回想那一刻的情景。若他所清楚感受到的这种感情不是爱，又会是什么呢？但这是爱吗？那种想死在她身边的情感显然有些夸张：在这以前他仅仅见了她一面！那么，明明知道这种爱不甚适当，难道这只是一个歇斯底里的男人感到自欺之需而作出的伪举吗？他的无意识是如此懦弱，一个小小的玩笑就使他选择了这样一个可怜的、压根儿不可能进入他生活的乡间女招待，来作为他的最佳伴侣！

他生着自己的气，直到他弄明白自己的茫然无措其实也很自然。我们是永远也不知道自己要什么的，因为人的生命只有一次，我们既不能把它与我们前世相比较，也无法使其在后世完美度过。

没有比较的基点，因此没有任何办法可以检验何种选择更好。我们经历着生活中突然临头的一切，毫无防备，就象演员进入初排。如果生活的第一排练便是生活本身，那生活有什么价值呢？

“Einmal ist Keinmal”托马斯自言自语。这句德国谚语说，只发生过一次的事就象压根儿没有发生过。如果生命属于我们只有一次，我们当然也可以说根本没有过生命。

（译文参考自作家出版社译本）

① 这里提到“eternal return”是指尼采学说里著名的永劫回归观，套用一个现在用得颇泛的佛家名词，就是“无间道”：我们的生命、甚至历史都只是在反复地重复而已。本选段出自全书的第一章，是作者为全书定的一个基调——大环境不断轮回、不可逆转的无奈。

② 我认为这句德国谚语是作者对人类实境的反击。对于沉重的现实，我们只有选择轻装上阵，人生没有可比性，生命属于我们只有一次，一切选择都失去了充足理由的同时，一切结果也都变得十分合理。抓住自己幸福的选择就是合理的！生命中不能承受之轻

By Milan Kundera

（捷克）米兰·昆德拉

美式发音 适合泛读 听2 说2 读2写3 词3

《生命中不能承受之轻》（1984），是全世界公认最受欢迎的畅销书之一，也是作者昆德拉才华得到集中体现的一部作品。

这是一部小说，描述了在1968年苏联入侵捷克时期（史称“布拉格之春”），民主改革的气息演变成专横压榨之风潮，捷克普通的知识分子在这个大时代中命运多变的复杂故事。主线有两条：其一是著名外科医生托马斯对国家的诚实和对妻子特丽莎的爱——很重，因为他要为此付出巨大的牺牲，名利、自由皆失。其二是托马斯的情人萨宾娜对生活方式的选择，以及对托马斯和弗兰茨的感情——很轻，因为她随心而为，追求无限制的自由。

这更是一部哲学小说，人物不过是哲学中的代码，情节也不过是哲学中的情境。作者以一个哲人的睿智将人类的生存情景加以描述和思辩，使故事与哲学浑然一体。或许我们也是这些代码之一吧，是那沉重却踏实的“重”呢，还是那轻盈却虚无的“轻”呢？如何选择？

About Author:

Milan Kundera (born April 1

1929

in Brno

Czechoslovakia) is a Czech and French writer of Czech origin who has lived in exile[逃亡] in France since 1975

where he became a naturalized citizen in 1981. He is best known as the author of The Unbearable Lightness of Being

The Book of Laughter and Fetting[笑忘书]

and The Joke[玩笑].

In 1985

Kundera received the Jerusalem Prize. It has also been rumored[传闻] that he was considered for the Nobel Prize for literature In 2000

he was awarded the international Herder Prize. In 2007

he was awarded the Czech State Literature Prize.（对于一个被放逐多年的作家，得到本国的承认应是个莫大的安慰。）

Chapter One Lightness and Weight

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英语励志美文精华第2篇：推开石头 (mp3)

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只有推开了石头，植物才能自由地、蓬勃地在阳光下生长。

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2.Roll Away the Stone 推开石头

I enjoy life because I am endlessly interested in people and their growth. My

interest leads me to widen my knowledge of people, and this in turn compels me

to believe in the common goodness of mankind. I believe that the normal human

heart is born good. That is, it’s born sensitive and feeling, eager to be

approved and to approve, hungry for simple happiness and the chance to live. It

neither wishes to be killed, nor to kill. If through circumstances, it is

overcome by evil, it never becomes entirely evil. There remain in it elements of

good, however recessive, which continue to hold the possibility

ofrestoration.

生活让我感到快乐，因为我对人、对人类的发展有无穷无尽的兴趣。这一兴趣使我不停地了解更多的人，而对人的深入了解则促使我相信人之初，性本善。也就是说人生来就善解人意，有同情心，热望被人认同，也认同他人，渴望单纯的幸福和生存的机会。人不希望被人杀害也不希望去杀害被人。即使邪念因境而生，人也不会完全被邪念所左右。人总有其美好的一面，无论如何退化变质，总有弃恶从善的可能。

I believe in human beings, but my faith is without sentimentality. I know

that in environments of uncertainty, fear, and hunger, the human being is

dwarfed and shaped without his being aware of it, just as the plant struggling

under a stone does not know its own condition. Only when the stone is removed

can it spring up freely into the light. But the power to spring up is inherent,

and only death puts an end to it. I feel no need for any other faith than my

faith in human

beings.

我相信人类，但我的信念绝非是滥施情感。我知道，处于饥饿、恐惧、无法预测未来的环境中，人类没有意识到他们的发展遇到了很大的阻力，正如石头下的植物挣扎着生长却不知道自己被石头压住了一样。只有推开了石头，植物才能自由地、蓬勃地在阳光下生长。但是，蓬勃生长的力量是植物固有的，只有死亡才能夺去它们的这种力量。

Life Confucius of old, I am absorbed in the wonder of earth, and the life

upon it, and I cannot think of heaven and the angels. I have enough for this

life. If there is no other life, than this one has been enough to make it worth

being born, myself a human being. With so profound a faith in the human heart

and its power to grow toward the light, I find here reason and cause enough for

hope and confidence in the future of mankind. The common sense of people will

surely prove to them someday that mutual support and cooperation are only

sensible for the security and happiness of all. Such faith keeps me continually

ready and purposeful with energy to do what one person can towards shaping the

environment in which the human being can grow with freedom. This environment, I

believe, is based upon the necessity for security and

friendship.

如同古代的孔夫子一样，我深深地沉醉于奇妙的大地和美好的尘世生活之中，不可能再去畅想什么天堂和天使。此生我活得充实。如果没有来世，今世也足以值得我为它诞生，不枉为一世人。对人心之善及其向往光明之力的坚定信念使我对人类的未来充满希望和信心。人类的常识一定在未来的某一天向他们证明，互相支持与合作只会对全人类的安全和幸福有实际意义。这种信念使我精力充沛、尽我所能去营造人类能自由发展的环境且乐此不疲。营造这个环境，我相信，是以安全和友谊为必要前提的。

I take heart in a promising fact that the world contains food supplies

sufficient for the entire earth population. Our knowledge of medical science is

already sufficient to improve the health of the whole human race. Our resources

and education, if administered on a world scale, can lift the intelligence of

the race. All that remains is to discover how to administer upon a world scale,

the benefits which some of us already have. In other words, to return to my

simile, the stone must be rolled away. This too can be done, as a sufficient

number of human beings come to have faith in themselves and in each other. Not

all will have such faith at the same moment, but there is a growing number who

have the

faith.

我对未来充满信心：世界的食物能供养人类；我们的医学知识足以改善人类的健康状况；我们的教育资源，若在世界范围内统一管理，能提高各种族的智力；我们只需去发现如何在世界范围内管理我们已经拥有的资源。换言之，用我刚提到的明喻来表示，石头必须推开。这也是能做到的。因为我们相当多的人已逐渐树立了对自己的信念，彼此也相互信任。虽然并不是所有的人在同一时刻具备这种信念，但具备这种信念的人数在不断增加。

Half a century ago, no one had thought of world food, world health, world

education. Many are thinking today of these things. In the midst of possible

world war, of wholesale destruction, I find my only question this: are there

enough people now who believe? Is there time enough left for the wise to act? It

is a contest between ignorance and death, or wisdom and life. My faith in

humanity stands

firm.

半个世纪以前，没有人关注世界的食品问题、健康问题和教育问题。今天就有许多人想到这些了。在可能发生的世界战争中，在大规模的毁灭过程中，我发现我唯一的疑问是：有足够多的人树立了信仰吗？有足够的时间让智者采取行动吗？这是无知与死亡之间或是智慧与生命之间的较量。我对人类的这种信念坚定不移。

Life is full of confusing and disordering Particular time, a particular location, Do the arranged thing of ten million time in the brain, Step by step , the life is hard to avoid delicacy and stiffness No enthusiasm forever, No unexpected happening of surprising and pleasing So, only silently ask myself in mind Next happiness, when will come?

人生的纷纷扰扰，杂杂乱乱，在一个特定的时间，特定的地点， 做脑海中安排了千万遍的事， 一步一骤，人生难免精致，却也死板， 永远没有激情，没有意料之外的惊喜。 于是，也只有在心里默默地问： 下一班幸福，几点开?

晨读英语美文100篇mp3免费下载

A painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm -- two entirely different movements.

Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner's responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: the hammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.

This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.

Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.